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Abhinav Sharma
Dr. Garvendra Singh Rathore
Keywords:
Ivermectin; transfersomes; nanogel; Carbopol 940; Span 80; topical drug delivery; entrapment efficiency; in-vitro drug release.
Abstract:
The present study describes the formulation and evaluation of an ivermectin-loaded transfersomal nanogel intended for topical drug delivery. Ivermectin was incorporated into deformable lipid vesicles using lecithin as the phospholipid and Span 80 as the edge activator, followed by incorporation of the transfersomal dispersion into a Carbopol 940 gel base. Nine formulations (F1–F9) were prepared by varying lecithin, Span 80 and Carbopol 940 concentrations while keeping ivermectin, ethanol and propylene glycol concentrations constant. Preformulation studies showed maximum ivermectin solubility in chloroform (28.64 ± 0.42 mg/mL), followed by ethanol (18.42 ± 0.36 mg/mL) and propylene glycol (12.76 ± 0.29 mg/mL), while solubility in phosphate buffer pH 7.4 was 0.021 ± 0.004 mg/mL. The partition coefficient was 61.57 ± 2.14 with log P 1.79 ± 0.02. The prepared nanogels showed pH values of 6.72–6.83, drug content of 96.4–99.1%, entrapment efficiency of 72.6–89.2%, and 8-h cumulative drug release of 77.8-85.6%. Formulation F5, containing 0.1% ivermectin, 1.5% lecithin, 1.0% Span 80 and 1.0% Carbopol 940, was selected as the optimized formulation based on the combined evaluation parameters. F5 showed pH 6.80 ± 0.03, spreadability 7.54 ± 0.22 g•cm/s, viscosity 8,740 ± 156 cP, drug content 99.1 ± 0.42%, entrapment efficiency 86.9 ± 0.84%, and 81.2% drug release at 8 h. Release kinetics for F5 showed the highest correlation with the Korsmeyer–Peppas model (R² = 0.995; n = 0.67), indicating anomalous/non-Fickian release.
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International Journal of Recent Research and Review
ISSN: 2277-8322
Vol. XIX, Issue 3
September 2026
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PUBLISHED
September 2026
ISSUE
Vol. XIX, Issue 3
SECTION
Articles
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